ISO Overview Slide 1 Good Afternoon and welcome to the Information Systems Office briefing at DARPATech 99. I am Bill Mularie, the director of ISO. Slide 2 My briefing today is the beginning of seven talks this afternoon. Our intent is to provide you with an overview of ISO and our programmatic themes. I'll talk a little about how we intend to implement our programs and finish up with an overview of upcoming business opportunities. Slide 3 I will be discussing today aspects of the environment we all must operate within, as well as, the response that we have put forward within ISO. Joint Vision 2010 defines Information Superiority as the capability to collect, process, and disseminate an uninterrupted flow of information while exploiting or denying an adversary's ability to do the same. Throughout history, gathering, exploiting, and protecting information have been critical in command, control, and intelligence. The unqualified importance of information will not change in 2010. What will differ is the increased access to information and improvements in the speed and accuracy of prioritizing and transferring data brought about by advances in technology. The focus will be in a network centric type warfare and has been manifest by efforts within DoD to digitize the battlefield. Some familiar efforts include the Army's Force 21 and the Navy's ITS. The war fighter is also faced with a heterogeneous world. One in which information systems must play together not only across US military services, but across coalition boundaries as well. Sustaining the responsive, high quality data processing and information needed for joint military operations will require more than just an edge over an adversary. The work of ISO spans the traditional threat as described in JV 2010, which I am calling Force on Force, but, just as important, it spans one involving adversaries of a non-traditional nature. One involving asymmetric warfare. Slide 4 This graph represents what has happened in the commercial market place. You can see that commercial systems have outstripped the government systems performance which used to be the stalwart pace setters. The government has even tried to improve their systems' performance through COTS, which has not worked very well. It is easy for any adversary to purchase commercial systems. So that has to be the new baseline. It should be DARPA's focus to concentrate and understand the commercial system marketplace in order to provide that leap ahead in technology so vital to our defense interest. Slide 5 ISO's response to the external environment is shown here, grouped into three categories. I will discuss each of these topics in the next few slides. Strategic Cyber Defense is our response to protecting information and detecting the threat. In Total Information Awareness, I would like to discuss the aspects of traditional warfare that I have labeled Force on Force as well as the non- traditional warfare we call Asymmetric warfare. And finally, I will discuss how Command and Control has shifted from a strategic focus, with slowly-varying threat and solved with analytical models to one of rapid response, from a dispersed/high tempo threat using an execution based approach. Slide 6 JV2010 states that defensive information warfare to protect our ability to conduct information operations will be one of our biggest challenges in the period ahead. Our approach in ISO is multi phased. The next briefing after mine is on this topic where you will be given much more detail. But to summarize, we are attacking the problem using: • Layered, defense in depth • Protection, detection, response • Risk-Balanced Optimizing Strategy • Inherent component of the AITS Reference Architecture • Leverage COTS and GOTS products • Ensure Trustworthy Systems from Untrustworthy components Slide 7 The next major response is in the area of Total Information Awareness. Slide 8 ISO has traditionally supported technology development focused principally at the "Force on Force" problem. This has encompassed the four pillars of JV2010. Four new concepts of operation: • Full Dimensional Protection • Focused Logistics • Dominant maneuver • Precision Engagement From JV2010: The primary prerequisite for full-dimensional protection will be control of the battlespace to ensure our forces can maintain freedom of action during deployment, maneuver and engagement, while providing multi-layered defenses for our forces and facilities at all levels. Full-dimensional protection will enable the effective employment of our forces while degrading opportunities for the enemy. Focused logistics will be the fusion of information, logistics, and transportation technologies to provide rapid crisis response, to track and shift assets even while enroute, and to deliver tailored logistics packages and sustainment directly at the strategic, operational, and tactical level of operations. Dominant maneuver will be the multidimensional application of information, engagement, and mobility capabilities to position and employ widely dispersed joint air, land, sea, and space forces to accomplish the assigned operational tasks. Precision engagement will consist of a system of systems that enables our forces to locate the objective or target, provide responsive command and control, generate the desired effect, assess our level of success, and retain the flexibility to reengage with precision when required. Even from extended ranges, precision engagement will allow us to shape the battlespace, enhancing the protection of our forces. Slide 9 Extending ISO technology application to the Asymmetric Warfare problem • Utilize current "threat models" • Utilize decision tree approach (spatial and temporal dimensions) to provide warning • Develop software framework for fusing sensors and information to feed decision-tree • Utilize software framework to provide dynamic, autonomous, self-configuring operation Slide 10 The next major response is in the area of Command and Control. Slide 11 This graph represents the ability to acquire information in relation to the time for analysis. It also shows the changes as a function of complexity. When there is sufficient time for analysis, this represents a strategic response where you have: • Slowly- varying threat • National-level COA / Decisions • Tools: Analytical Models The Conventional Military is represented in the center area where the following are key: • Human-tempo threats and responses • Collaborative / Hierarchical COA / Decision • Tools: Planning Aids, Knowledge Bases, • Computer Visualizations The more complex and less time you have fall in the Rapid Response area: • Dispersed / high- tempo threats implies human course of action tempo • Information: deficient, ambiguous, conflicting,.. • Tools: Stochastic, soft computing (neural nets, fuzzy logic,). Slide 12 This slide illustrates ISO's implementation in the three response areas previously discussed. Today's subsequent briefings will focus on specific programs in each of the response areas. Slide 13 Within ISO you have traditionally seen programs focused at specific functional problems. These are represented on this chart as the vertical stove pipes. I've shown here some of the underlying technologies that cross cut our programs. Today you will be hearing discussions involving some of our programs, each of the office themes, and some of the underlying technology. Slide 14 One of the reasons we hold DARPATech conferences is to provide you with information regarding upcoming opportunities. I have listed the Broad Agency Announcements that are either open or will be open within the next year.